The Photographic Index of Australian Fishes (PIAF) is a collection of over 40,000 colour transparencies of some 2,500 fish species, representing more than half of the Australian fish fauna, held in conjunction with the Australian National Fish Collection (formerly the I.S.R. Munro Ichthyological Collection). It encompasses all of Australia's commercial seafood species, and contains the only photographs in existence of many bycatch species. It contains images of species from rivers and estuaries, from near-shore to the deep ocean, from the temperate regions to the tropics, as well as from remote offshore islands and the sub-Antarctic. CSIRO marine scientists have assembled PIAF over the last 30 years as a by-product of coastal and deep ocean surveys. PIAF images of commercial species have recently been published in the Australian Seafood Handbook, and also been used extensively in several books, such as South East Fishery Quota Species: an identification guide, Field Guide to Trawl Fish from Temperate Waters of Australia and Continental Shelf Fishes of Northern and North-Western Australia.

The Australian National Fish Collection (formerly the I.S.R. Munro Ichthyological Collection) contains more than 161,000 fish specimens representing more than 3,500 species. It was established by Dr I.S.R. Munro in the 1940's, when the CSIRO Division of Fisheries was based in Cronulla (Sydney, NSW). It is now housed at the CSIRO Marine Laboratories in Hobart (Tasmania). Most specimens were collected during CSIRO surveys and on research vessels, notably Fairwind (Papua New Guinea region, 1948-1950), Stanley Fowler (tropical Australia, 1948-1950), Rama (Gulf of Carpentaria, 1963-1965), FRV Courageous (1975-1979), FRV Soela (1979-1989), FRV Southern Surveyor (1990 to 2013) and RV Investigator (2015 to present). Some specimens were acquired from fisheries observers, fishers and via donations. The collection’s strengths are deep-water fishes and sharks and rays. The largest part of the collection is from Australian waters. There are also collections from Papua New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands, New Zealand, Antarctic waters and south-east Asia (particularly Indonesia, Malaysia and Taiwan). In addition to adult fishes, the collection contains fish larvae and an extensive collection of photographs and x-rays. Further details of the Australian National Fish Collection is at https://www.csiro.au/en/Research/Collections/ANFC This dataset is the set of georeferenced specimens. Each has a specimen confidence level described in the taxon remarks. Most have lengths recorded (standard, total or disc width). This set also contains 109 freshwater species for other aggregators and about 350 names not yet resolved with WoRMS. The identification confidence level and identification method used for each specimen is recorded in identificationRemarks.